What is a public cloud: Reasons for DX, reasons for price, etc.
Many companies are working on DX (digital transformation) with the aim of launching new businesses and draft reform of business processes.In order to make DX successful, it is essential to develop the new system promptly development and flexible expansion and renovation of existing systems.The leading role is a public cloud that changes the system from "ownership" to "use".
In this article, Akihisa Kawakami and Ryo Kobayashi, Aqua Systems, who provide consulting for cloud introduction and operation, explain what the public cloud is, what is the merits and disadvantages, basic functions, prices, and utilization points.At the same time, from the Nikkei Crostek Active article, we will introduce typical products, services and examples.
初回公開：2021/10/11★ Know 1.What is a public cloud?.Public cloud classification 3.Advantages and disadvantages of introducing public cloud 4.Basic function of public cloud (IaaS) ★ Select 5.Public Cloud (IAAS) price market price ★ Use 6.Points for utilizing public cloud 7.Typical case of public cloud 8.Featured public cloud, related products and services 9.New article of public cloud
＊「1. パブリッククラウドとは」「2. パブリッククラウドの分類」「3. パブリッククラウドを導入するメリットとデメリット」「4. パブリッククラウド（IaaS）の基本的な機能」「5. パブリッククラウド（IaaS）の料金相場」「6. パブリッククラウド（IaaS）を活用する上でのポイント」は川上明久氏と小林涼氏が執筆Public Cloud is a service that provides servers, software, and applications for unspecified number of users via the Internet.Service providers are called "cloud businesses" or "cloud providers".The Amazon Web Service (AWS), Microsoft, and Google in the United States are representative, and these three companies are particularly called "Mega Cloud."
Hardwear sources (CPU, memory, storage, etc.) and software are owned by cloud providers, and users use them through the Internet.Because of the use of such a usage, it has the characteristics of "do not require hardware and software purchase or management", "use as much as you want when you want to use", and pay as much as you use (pay).
Another form of the cloud is called "private cloud".Private cloud is the same as a public cloud on the network, but it is the same as public cloud, but it is necessary to own and operate a dedicated hardware.Because it is exclusive to the company, it can be managed freely and can be managed by the introduction and management of hardware.
目次に戻るThe services provided by public clouds are roughly classified as IaaS / PaaS / SaaS.The difference is within the scope of the cloud provider responsibly.
Servers and storage required to build a system are provided.The server can be used with the OS (operating system) set up.The user installs software on the server, creates applications and builds the system.
Hardware, network, installation location, and power supply are managed by cloud providers responsibly.If it is a simple system, you can develop a system without an engineer (infrastructure engineer) specializing in IT infrastructure.If you do not want to manage infrastructure, but want to customize the OS, software, and applications in -house and develop a system.
The representative of IAAS is a service that provides virtual machines.The main ones include AWS's Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2), Microsoft's Azure Virtual Machines, and Google's Google Compute Engine.
（出所：123RF）In addition to the range of IAAS, the service that the cloud provider manages the software that runs on the OS (mainly middleware) is called "PaaS".There are various types of software provided by PaaS, such as databases, analysis, and content management.
The user develops applications by using PaaS, which incorporates the software necessary for the company, on the Internet.OS and software are provided in a set -up state, so you can focus on application development and reduce the number of development and period.
It is not always the case that PaaS incorporates the software necessary for the company.If there is nothing that suits your needs, use the IaaS to install and use software independently.
There are various types of PaaS.The main services provided by cloud providers for relational databases include AWS's Amazon RDS (Amazon RDS), Microsoft's Azure Database for SQL Server, and Google's Google Cloud SQL.
It is a service that uses applications on the Internet.Generally, the service can be used immediately by logging in from the web browser screen.
Cloud providers are responsibly managing everything from hardware to applications.Among the three types of services, users have the lowest responsibility for managing them, but they cannot basically customize applications beyond standard specifications.
There are a wide variety of services and cloud providers for each application.Groupware SaaS is well known for Microsoft 365 and Google's Google Workspace.The SaaS of the chat tool includes the Slack Technologies "Slack", Microsoft Teams in Microsoft, and the SaaS for CRM / Sales Support Applications include Sales Cloud, US Sales Force.com.
（出所：123RF）目次に戻るThe advantages and disadvantages of companies bringing companies with the introduction of public cloud (IaaS) are as follows.
The benefits of public cloud are (1) improvement of speed, (2) improvement of flexibility, (3) cost reduction, and (4) operation reductions.
System development can be speeded up because it can be used immediately on the Internet without procurement of hardware.The period from systematization investment to the effect will be shorter, and investment effects will increase.
You can immediately change the system configuration, such as increasing the specifications of the server when the processing capacity is insufficient.If you prepare hardware in -house, you will need to estimate the specifications in advance, but it is flexible to start using it in public cloud and increase the specifications if you run out.
If the usage period is short, the cost will be lower than if the use period is short because it is used for pay -as -you -go.The cost of engineering can be reduced because it does not take time to procure and introduce hardware.Similarly, there is no hardware management cost.
In public cloud, cloud providers manage equipment (servers, networks, power sources, etc.), so users do not need to go to work on holidays or deal with equipment to maintain the equipment.The system can be operated without infrastructure engineers who manage equipment, which will also improve the working environment.
（出所：123RF）Disadvantages of public cloud include (1) risk of service suspension and (2) security.
When the service is suspended due to disorders such as hardware, networks, and power supply, restoration support is basically left to the cloud provider.In many cases, users can only wait for the recovery to be completed.However, service suspension does not occur frequently due to multiple disability measures on the cloud provider side.
There is a risk such as data leakage and falsification to use the service on the Internet.Therefore, security measures according to the data density are required.Measures to prevent information leakage due to incomplete settings are indispensable.
目次に戻るThe main services of public cloud (IaaS) include a virtual server service that allows you to use servers on the Internet.As a typical cloud provider service, let's organize the basic features with Amazon EC2 (Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud) as an example.
What can be realized with Amazon EC2 includes (1) simple server creation, (2) flexible server specifications, and (3) surveillance.
You can create a server simply by simply performing a simple operation with a "console" that accesses with a web browser.Enter the OS type, specifications, permit communication, etc. on the screen and press the created button -If you operate it, it will be available in a few minutes.Knowledge of the server is minimal, and there is no need to know the procedure for building physical servers and virtualization environments.You can easily copy and copy the server once created, or to back up.
（出所：123RF）The processing capacity such as CPU, memory, storage, network performance, etc. can be changed flexibly.If the processing capacity is insufficient, a system configuration, such as increasing the server specifications later, can be implemented immediately.In addition, a spare virtual server is built with a simple screen operation to prepare for a system failure.
The public cloud side has prepared all the tools required for server operation.For example, to monitor whether there is any abnormality in the server condition, use a monitoring service called "Amazon CloudWatch".It can be monitored whether the startup state of Amazon EC2 is normal, and how much the CPU usage rate is.No software installation or settings are required, so you can easily set on the console screen.In addition, it can be used very cheap.The introduction cost and the operation cost can be significantly reduced.
目次に戻るPublic Cloud is a pay -as -you -go -paying system that pays as much as used.In addition, the calculation method of unit price and pay -as -you -pay for each service is different for each service.In the case of AWS Amazon EC2, the number of servers, server specifications (CPU, memory), storage capacity, and data transfer from AWS to the Internet are determined.
The price varies greatly depending on the system configuration and scale, so it cannot be said that the market price of public cloud is this much.Therefore, in order to make it easier to grasp the image, we will explain a website that is often used in public cloud as an example.AWS's document "AWS Solution Configuration Example -Dynamic WEB site (https: // AWS).Amazon.COM/JP/CDP/Midscale-WEBSERVICE/).
（出所：123RF）In the case of a website with relatively little access, the price is $ 377 per month (calculated as about 41,470 yen / $ 1 = 110 yen).This assumes the following configuration.
Two servers were prepared, and a website was assumed to be a website that could respond to an increase in access with load dispersion.In this case, the price is $ 956 per month (about 105,160 yen).This assumes the following configuration.
目次に戻るTo use public cloud (IaaS), be aware of the following four points.
Services and rates that can be used for each public cloud are different.It is better to compare it so that you can satisfy your needs and choose a low -cost public cloud.
Public cloud frequently updates information.Since the functions that fit with the needs of our company may be added, daily information gathering is important.Therefore, I would like to always collect information provided by cloud providers and media.
（出所：123RF）Operating and building a certain complex system or large -scale system in public cloud requires specialized knowledge.However, there are many partner companies that support operation and construction.If you outsource such companies, you can outsource to experienced engineers to improve the quality of the system, or use the system without hiring infrastructure engineers in -house.
In public cloud (IAAS), servers and storage are responsible for the management of cloud providers, but data and applications managed on the OS are the scope of users.It is necessary for the user to regularly backup in preparation for the occurrence of a failure.
目次に戻る目次に戻るIn order to introduce public cloud and use it on site, it will proceed more smoothly by using products and services that help you.In the following, we will introduce the hot public clouds and related products and services.
目次に戻る目次に戻る川上 明久アクアシステムズ 執行役員 技術部長クラウド、データベースのコンサルティングに多数の実績・経験を持つ。クラウド、データベース関連の著書や雑誌記事の執筆・連載、セミナー・講演を多数手がけ、急増するクラウド化への要望に対応できるエンジニアの育成や技術・スキル向上支援に力を注ぐ。小林 涼アクアシステムズアプリケーション開発の経験を経て、2020年にアクアシステムズ入社。Oracle Database RACなどの設計、構築を経験し、近年はOracle CloudのExaCSへのシステム移行案件に従事する。
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